Do not translate acronyms or initialisms unless an alternative version is commonly used in English. As a general rule, when conserving a foreign acronym or initialism, translate the full name from which it is derived on first mention, followed by the acronym to be used thereafter in brackets. Leave all others in the original language, followed by a parenthetical translation or description, where necessary.
Translate the generic words in the names of awards e. Add modifiers where necessary to prevent confusion with similarly named English-language awards. However, do translate the generic words in the titles of classical musical pieces. Do not translate the titles of books, periodicals, and other publications that do not have official translations.
Instead, where necessary to ensure comprehension of a text, include a translation of the title in brackets on first mention.
Please note that UOC policy is to use the formula bachelor's or master's degree rather than bachelor degree , bachelors degree , etc.
For information on the official translations of programme names, see nomenclatura. Translate the names of congresses, exhibitions and other events when they consist of common, translatable words. Where applicable, use the official English translation.
Do not translate the names of such events when they consist of an untranslatable proper noun. Notwithstanding the above, when an untranslatable name is derived from a series of translatable words or used as shorthand for a longer, translatable version of the event's name, consider providing a translation of the words on which it is based or the longer version of the name on first mention for added clarity.
In contrast, except where otherwise specified by the client, more elaborate forms of address used for high-ranking officials e.
Note, however, that the names of local and regional bodies with no traditional translation or clear equivalent in English should not be translated.
In such cases, provide a brief literal or descriptive translation, as appropriate, in brackets on first mention and use the original term or a generic reference thereafter. Translate the names of holidays and historical events with traditional translations or clear equivalents in English.
Leave all others in the original, followed by a brief parenthetical description where necessary to ensure comprehension of the text. However, for clarity's sake, you may refer to them with common-noun equivalents instead either from the first mention on or, if you have defined the foreign term on first mention, for all subsequent mentions.
As a general rule, avoid using Latin terms where an acceptable English equivalent exists, particularly in texts intended for a general audience.
For instance, unless you are working with a text about logical reasoning, rather than retaining a posteriori , consider using in retrospect , in hindsight or subsequently , as appropriate; rather than retaining a priori , consider in theory or beforehand ; rather than retaining inter alia , consider using among others ; etc. Notwithstanding this rule, it is not necessary to avoid Latin terms that are in common use in English, such as e. Translate the names of official and government documents e.
Translate the names of museums on first mention. Be sure to check the museum's website first to see whether an official translation already exists. Where available, the applicable source-language acronym should be used thereafter. Translate the names of political parties and unions, except when they are commonly known by their original-language name e.
Worker Committees for Comissions Obreres. Where helpful, follow names left in the source language with a brief literal or descriptive translation in brackets and, where applicable, the source-language acronym to be used thereafter. However, the names of public corporations may occasionally be translated for added clarity. This is particularly true of those corporations with common counterparts in other cities or that use a standard-English translation themselves in their own English-language literature.
Leave the titles of talks, lectures, conferences, etc. Where necessary to ensure comprehension of the text, follow the original-language title with a translation in brackets on first mention. Translate the names of universities, unless otherwise specified by the university itself.
Where available and reasonably idiomatic, use the university's own preferred translation. Use the definite article the only with the names of universities beginning with the word university or a non-proper adjective e.
The word the can usually be safely omitted with universities whose names begin with a proper noun. Remember that many but not all universities in English-speaking countries omit the definite article before their initialism, even when it is used when the name is written in full. Translate the titles of works of art unless there is no clear equivalent in English or they are traditionally known by their titles in another language.
What3words divides the world into a grid of 3m x 3m squares, each of which is assigned a unique three-word identifier. In the United Arab Emirates, Aramex delivery drivers use what3words to take packages to the right house; in Nigeria, the postal service uses it to deliver mail.
But, as the company continues to expand globally, it faces the challenge of translating a product that is language-specific by definition. The English what3words map is based on 40, of the most common words in English, but they may not be the most common words in Swahili.
So, to translate the product, the company has to start with a fresh list of words each time. The language team considers many features in order to select the most appropriate words. The team must also weed out any homophones words that are pronounced the same , as users have to be able to share addresses verbally, or using voice recognition, without confusion.
A transliterated version should work:. Did you merely transliterate or did you actually translate in Cyrillic the words such as "street", "Long", etc.? One way I like to think about these things is less in terms of rules, and more in terms of logic and common sense.
The very first question I would ask myself is what the purpose of this translation is. If it is a project proposal and one company your end client? The purpose of an address is to be able to mail something to somebody, or go there. So a translated address doesn't fulfill that purpose. The mailman can't deliver mail to a translated address. When you go into a different script like Cyrillic then the client may not be able to form those letters. Transliteration makes sense. Some excellent advice has already come from Jacek which is language-specific.
Since my language pairs are German, French, and English I can't address that part for which Jacek is the expert. Going past the specific question, there are countries which are bilingual and they may have bilingual street addresses. Canada is officially bilingual. Because Canada is bilingual, "rue" and "Street" are equally valid most of the time, and many of the provinces have a French name and an English name.
It all depends on the situation. When translating from English into Arabic Jacek has a good point regarding non-Latin scripts , and unless the meant postal address is in the Arab region, I always keep the address as is. Anyone wanting to send a letter to that entity has to use the actual address, not a transliteration or a translation — what would a post office in NYC do with an envelope addressed as:. Sending letters to Lebanon , the postal address could be in English, French or Arabic.
Canadian postal policies emphasize equal treatment of English and French, but they do not mention other languages of Canada such as Inuktitut, Cree, Lakota, Micmac, Ojibwa, etc. I assume that locality names must be written in Roman letters and not Canadian Syllabics see Nunavut in the table above , although I could not find any statements to that effect at the Canada Post website.
In Nunavut, Inuktitut is the official language of government and road signs are in both Roman and Syllabics — what about mail? To be honest, I've never run across it.
I would think logically that Roman letters would be used. The site of your link seems to be the private project of someone living in the United States. Canada Post doesn't mention it. A very interesting question. Site Translators. If the reader considers a post to cause offence, then she or he should address a complaint to the moderator of the forum concerned. The complaint should be dealt with within 24 hours, but please respect the fact that the moderator may be living in a different time zone.
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