A doctor can perform a physical examination, take a thorough medical history, and order a number of tests to diagnose CHD and other types of heart disease.
Example of tests include:. CAD develops when coronary arteries develop cholesterol deposits in their walls. The condition causes blockages in the arteries that feed oxygen-rich blood to the heart; the arteries also stiffen and inflammation increases.
CAD can be difficult to treat and may lead to a heart attack or stroke. However, people can take steps to reduce their risk of CAD by getting regular exercise, adopting a healthy diet, and avoiding or quitting tobacco. People should seek immediate medical attention if they have chest pain and breathlessness, as this could indicate a heart attack. High cholesterol is a risk factor for heart attacks and coronary heart disease, because it builds up in the arteries, narrowing them.
It does not…. In this article, we look at a variety of lifestyle changes and natural supplements that help lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart…. Heart disease is a major cause of death. In this article, learn about the different types, how to recognize the symptoms, and what treatment to expect. Angina is pain, squeezing, or pressure in the chest. It signals that too little oxygen is reaching the heart.
Learn more here, including when to seek…. Blood pressure is essential to life because it forces the blood around the body, delivering all the nutrients it needs. Here, we explain how to take…. What to know about coronary artery disease. Medically reviewed by Dr. Payal Kohli, M. If you have ischemic heart disease you may experience chest pain when you put extra demands on your heart, such as during exercise or stress.
However, arm pain during exercise and shortness of breath are also symptoms of ischemia. The right treatment for you will depend on how high-risk your heart disease is and other factors, such as your age, other medical conditions, and personal preferences. It is essential that you play an active role in learning about your condition and weighing the treatment options your doctor will discuss with you. In order to get a clear understanding about your heart disease and begin to estimate your risk of serious complications such as a heart attack, your doctor may:.
Participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program, to support you in making healthy lifestyle changes and in managing medications. A non-invasive therapy called enhanced external counterpulsation may also be used to relieve chest pain in certain patients. However, this therapy is not recommended for certain patients, including those with peripheral artery disease, severe heart failure and severe aortic regurgitation.
A procedure to restore good blood flow to your heart. This may be necessary if the build-up of cholesterol plaque atherosclerosis is causing severe and dangerous blockages in your arteries, or if medication alone is not enough to control your symptoms. The choice typically is between open-chest coronary artery bypass graft surgery CABG and minimally invasive percutaneous coronary intervention PCI, also called angioplasty and stenting.
The best approach will depend on where the blockages are, how severe they are, how many arteries are involved, and your overall health. Your doctor and heart care team will present all your options, and you will play a key role in making this important decision. This heart care team typically includes an interventional cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon who work with you to review your medical history and health status, discuss possible treatment options and select the best treatment strategy for you.
Beta blockers , including atenolol , bisoprolol , metoprolol and nebivolol, are often used to prevent angina and treat high blood pressure. They work by blocking the effects of a particular hormone in the body, which slows down your heartbeat and improves blood flow. Nitrates are used to widen your blood vessels. Doctors sometimes refer to nitrates as vasodilators. They're available in a variety of forms, including tablets, sprays and skin patches such as glyceryl trinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate.
Nitrates work by relaxing your blood vessels, letting more blood pass through them. This lowers your blood pressure and relieves any heart pain you have. ACE inhibitors are commonly used to treat high blood pressure. Examples include ramipril and lisinopril.
They block the activity of a hormone called angiotensin-2, which causes the blood vessels to narrow. As well as stopping the heart working so hard, ACE inhibitors improve the flow of blood around the body.
Your blood pressure will be monitored while you're taking ACE inhibitors, and regular blood tests will be needed to check that your kidneys are working properly. Less than 1 in people have problems with the blood supply to their kidneys renal stenosis as a result of taking ACE inhibitors. Mild dizziness is usually the only side effect. They're often prescribed as an alternative to ACE inhibitors, as they do not cause a dry cough. If you have coronavirus COVID , or think you might have it, keep taking your blood pressure medicines as usual.
If the pain subsides in 10 minutes you can restart the activity, but remember to tell your doctor about the episode at your next appointment.
By contrast, if the pain does not disappear you should take a second tablet. And if after this the pain persists, then you must call the emergency medical services. Beta-blockers bisoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol, metoprolol, atenolol, etc.
They can also reduce the risk of arrhythmias. Studies have shown that beta-blockers can increase the life expectancy of patients who have had an infarction. Platelet aggregation inhibitors. Patients who have suffered any event brought on by atherosclerosis must take platelet aggregation inhibitors permanently, unless they are contraindicated.
These drugs stop platelets from clumping together which has the effect of thinning the blood and reduces the risk of thrombus formation inside a coronary artery.
Acetylsalicylic acid aspirin is the most common platelet inhibitor. These drugs reduce blood cholesterol levels. They also help stabilise and prevent the rupture of atheromatous plaques, reduce blood vessel inflammation and decrease the likelihood of an infarction. Statins are therefore indicated in all patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy, even if they have acceptable cholesterol levels. Other anti-anginal agents are calcium channel blockers, relax the muscles of the coronary arteries and mitigate the effects of obstructions and spasms; ivabradine reduces heart rate and so the heart requires less oxygen and ranolazine acts on the primary and secondary blood vessels and decreases the risk of angina.
This latter it is particularly effective in diabetic patients. Treatment is tailored to each patient; the drugs and doses may vary greatly from one person to the next. It is important that you know what treatment you are prescribed so you can inform the doctor if you are treated for Ischaemic Heart Disease. Published: 20 February Updated: 20 February If this is the first time you subscribe you will receive a confirmation email, check your inbox.
We have received your information. Check your inbox, in a few moments you will receive a confirmation email. Accept cookies. This link opens in a new tab. What is it? Ischemic Heart Disease Treatment. In depth. Joint project with. Treatment of Ischaemic Heart Disease Reading time: 10 min. Treatment during the acute phase while at hospital Surgery treatment Long-term treatment Drug therapy.
Treatment during the acute phase while at hospital. Medicines used during the acute phase are:. Surgery treatment. Coronary angiography or a coronary catheterisation.
Types of stent and complications. The two main risks arising after stenting the placement of a stent are: Thrombosis. There are two main types of stent: Bare metal or uncovered stents. Long-term treatment. Lifestyle modification Lifestyle modification is the key to avoiding or preventing Ischaemic Heart Disease as it is much more effective than any pharmaceutical or surgical treatments and does not have any contraindications. Drug therapy.
0コメント