The SNP and Liberal Democrats had already discussed the idea of a similar bill - although they want a different date. Under their plan , both parties had said they would propose a law on Tuesday that sets an election for Monday 9 December - three days earlier than Mr Johnson's preferred date. It is not yet clear if they might switch to support the government's bill. If an election was held on 9 December, it would be the first time since that a UK election had not been held on a Thursday.
If an election was brought via this route - either for 9 or 12 December - it would need to clear all stages in the House of Commons and the House of Lords. There is also a risk the law could be altered if MPs or peers propose changes - such as allowing 16 and year-olds to vote. Rather than the government, it could be the opposition that initiates an early election.
This could happen if Labour proposed a no-confidence vote. This would give all MPs a vote on whether they wanted the current government to continue.
If it succeeded, opposition parties would be allowed two weeks to come together to try to form an alternative government. If this happened, Mr Johnson would be expected to resign and a new prime minister would take over. But if nothing was resolved during those two weeks, the Fixed-term Parliaments Act says a general election would be automatically triggered.
Under this scenario, an election would take place at least seven weeks after a no-confidence vote was passed. That's because two weeks would be taken up by opposition parties trying to form a government, plus a further five weeks to dissolve Parliament for the campaign.
This would leave 19 December as the earliest possible date - a week after Mr Johnson's preferred date. If the government felt it had no other way of forcing an early election, it could in theory call a motion of no confidence in itself. In order for it to succeed, Conservative MPs would have to vote to bring down their own government. While such a tactic might appear extreme to outside observers, it would trigger an automatic early election - as long as opposition parties failed to form an alternative government within the 14 days.
Everyone who is enrolled to vote gets two votes: an electorate vote and a party vote. The electorate vote is for the candidate you want to represent the area you live in your electorate. The party vote is for the party you want to represent you.
On election night we publish the preliminary results for each party and electorate candidate. The preliminary results give an early idea of how parties and candidates are doing before the final count is complete.
The chief electoral officer declares the official results weeks after voting closes. The count process is very thorough and takes time to complete. How are votes counted? If a Judge approves a recount application, the official recount process begins. We declare the results once the recount is complete. Election recounts and petitions.
When the official count is final, the chief electoral officer returns the writ with the names of the winning candidates. The remaining seats are filled from party lists according to the share of the party vote each party got. The political party or group of parties with the most seats becomes the government. Under MMP, one party may not have a large enough share of the votes to govern alone.
Parties usually have to negotiate to form a government. This process lays the foundations for the policies the new government will pursue.
There are no rules laid down in the Constitution on the procedure for forming a government. The Constitution deals only with the beginning and the end of the process: the dismissal of the old government and the appointment of the new government by the monarch.
This means the formation procedure is based mainly on unwritten constitutional law and custom. So the procedure may differ from the last time a government was formed. As a rule, however, each formation process contains roughly the following steps:. On the day after the election the President of the House of Representatives meets with the incoming parliamentary party leaders.
Together, they appoint an individual to begin discussions with each party leader to establish which parties could potentially form a coalition. This person also prepares the parliamentary debate on the election outcome.
The parliamentary debate on the election outcome must take place within one week of the installation of the new House of Representatives. In this debate the House formulates a mandate and appoints a mediator, known as an informateur.
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